Lead Time - Stores

Lead Time  - Stores

Definition: The time elapsed between identifying the need for a material and its actual delivery to the required location.  

Importance: 

•  Inventory Control: Helps in maintaining optimal stock levels.

• Timely Maintenance: Ensures availability of critical spares for locomotives and rolling stock.

• Cost Efficiency: Avoids emergency procurement at higher costs.

• Planning & Forecasting: Facilitates better decision-making and operational efficiency.

• Minimizing the Stockouts. 

Components of Lead time: 

• Requisition time

• Tendering time 

• Supplier lead time (Manufacture / Prepare)

• Transportation time 

• Inspection & clearance time

• Delivery to end user time 

Practical Example: 

Lead Time Calculation: 

A Stores Depot manager identifies a need for 100 railway spare parts on 01.11.2023

Event	Details	From Date	To Date	No of days
Received the requisition from the Executive	Acknowledged by the Depot Officer	01.11.2023	-	-
Requisition Processing time	Approved by the Depot Officer	01.11.2023	10.11.2023	10 days
Tender Processing time	Tender finalized and Contract awarded	10.11.2023	15.12.2023	35 days
Supplier Lead time	Manufacturing & Dispatching	15.12.2023	31.01.2024	46 days
Transportation time	Delivering to the Depot	31.01.2024	10.02.2024	10 days
Inspection & Clearance time	Inspected & cleared	10.02.2024	15.02.2024	5 days
			Total	106 days

U-VAM - Unified Vendor Approval Module यू-वीएएम - एकीकृत विक्रेता अनुमोदन मॉड्यूल

 

U-VAM - Unified Vendor Approval Module 

• Official Website: Click for IREPS Website

• U-VAM stands for Unified Vendor Approval Module

• Object: Streamline and digitize the Vendor approval process

• Integrated with the IREPS - Indian Railways Electronic Procurement System 

• Centralized platform for all vendor related activities. 

Salient features

 

• Online Application submission:  Vendors can submit approval requests through IREPS

• No need of physical paperwork 

• Real-time application tracking: Vendors to monitor the status of their applications thus enhancing the transparency in the approval process

• Reduce Processing time for approval of Vendors.

• Access to Technical Documents: Vendors have access to necessary drawings, specifications, etc facilitating the compliance with the IR standards. 

• Unified Portal for Multiple Agencies: U-VAM consolidates vendor approval processes across various Indian Railways units, including RDSO, ICF, RCF, BLW, CLW,PLW and CORE, providing a single interface for vendors.

यू-वीएएम - एकीकृत विक्रेता अनुमोदन मॉड्यूल

• आधिकारिक वेबसाइट: https://www.ireps.gov.in/

• यू-वीएएम का मतलब है एकीकृत विक्रेता अनुमोदन मॉड्यूल

• उद्देश्य: विक्रेता अनुमोदन प्रक्रिया को सुव्यवस्थित और डिजिटल बनाना

• आईआरईपीएस - भारतीय रेलवे इलेक्ट्रॉनिक खरीद प्रणाली के साथ एकीकृत

• सभी विक्रेता संबंधित गतिविधियों के लिए केंद्रीकृत मंच।

मुख्य विशेषताएं

• ऑनलाइन आवेदन जमा करना: विक्रेता आईआरईपीएस के माध्यम से अनुमोदन अनुरोध जमा कर सकते हैं

• भौतिक कागजी कार्रवाई की कोई आवश्यकता नहीं

• वास्तविक समय आवेदन ट्रैकिंग: विक्रेता अपने आवेदन की स्थिति की निगरानी कर सकते हैं जिससे अनुमोदन प्रक्रिया में पारदर्शिता बढ़ेगी

• विक्रेताओं के अनुमोदन के लिए प्रसंस्करण समय कम करें।

• तकनीकी दस्तावेजों तक पहुंच: विक्रेताओं के पास आवश्यक चित्र, विनिर्देश आदि तक पहुंच है जो आईआर मानकों के अनुपालन को सुविधाजनक बनाते हैं।

• विभिन्न एजेंसियों के लिए एकीकृत पोर्टल: यू-वीएएम विभिन्न भारतीय रेलवे इकाइयों, जिनमें आरडीएसओ, आईसीएफ, आरसीएफ, बीएलडब्ल्यू, सीएलडब्ल्यू, पीएलडब्ल्यू और कोर शामिल हैं, में विक्रेता अनुमोदन प्रक्रियाओं को समेकित करता है, तथा विक्रेताओं के लिए एकल इंटरफेस प्रदान करता है।

Guarantee Vs Warranty - Differences between

 

Differences between Guarantee & Warranty

 

Area	Guarantee	Warranty
In Simple	General promise of satisfaction	Specific remedies under defined conditions
Definition	A Promise about the quality or performance of a Product	A Written assurance fo repair or replacement of a Product
Scope	Broader	Limited
Cover	Repair, Replacement or Refund	Repair & Replacement only
Legality	Informal & Not legal	Formal, Written & legally binding
Duration	Shorter period	Longer period
Cost	Free of cost	Additional purchase or fees

 

Covered Dues Vs Uncovered Dues in Stores

 

Covered Dues Vs Uncovered Dues in Materials Management 

Covered Dues	Uncovered Dues
Previous recoupment / Estimate sheets were covered by POs. - Purchase Orders, but the materials have not been supplied by the Firms	The previous recoupment sheet was not or partially covered by the PO - Purchase Order.
Outstanding quantities against all live POs - Purchase Orders	Outstanding quantities for coverage against the Previous Recoupment sheets

Spot Purchases - Stores

 

Spot Purchases - Stores

Definition:  Spot purchases are made on the spot without following the formal tendering process. It involves calling for offers through a physical visit by nominated officers to the premises of the firm.

Approval Levels

	Approval by
Limits	Stock Items	Non Stock items
Up to Rs. 25 Lakhs	PCMM	PHOD (concerned Dept)
Above Rs. 25 Lakhs	GM	GM

SPC - Spot Purchase Committee  - Level of Officers

Limits	Stores Dept	Indenting Dept	Accounts Dept
Up to Rs. 5 Lakhs	STS	STS	STS
Rs. 5 Lakhs to Rs. 40 Lakhs	JAG/SG	JAG/SG	JAG/SG
Above Rs. 40 Lakhs	SAG	SAG	SAG

• Whenever STS is not available, JTS will be nominated as Member with the approval of GM

• JTS stands for Junior Time Scale Officer 

• STS stands for Senior Time Scale Officer

• JAG stands for Junior Administrative Grade Officer

• SG stands for Selection Grade Officer

• SAG stands for Senior Administrative Grade Officer