Revenue vs Earnings

Railway Board letter on the use of Revenue instead of Earnings

In Indian Railways, we use normally the word Earnings instead of Revenue.  Now we will check the difference between the two and is it correct to use the word Revenue in place of Earnings or not. 

Revenue minus Expenditure is equal to Earnings.

The difference between revenue and earnings is that while revenue tracks the total amount of money made in sales, earnings reflect the portion of the revenue the company keeps in profit after every expense is paid.

So Using the word Earnings so far in lieu of Revenue is incorrect.  Because Earnings means profits/surplus after deducting the expenditure from Revenue.  

So, here after

Abstract X -  Coaching Revenue

Abstract Y  -  Goods Revenue

Abstract Z - Sundry Revenue

It is high time to modify the Revised Accounting Classification in Finance Code Volume Two accordingly.

Functions of Management Accountant

Functions of Management Accountant

Easy to remember   PRE TEA

Planning & Control

Reporting

Evaluation

Tax administration

External effects

Asset Protection

Differences between Financial Accounting and Management Accounting

Differences between

SN	Item	Financial Accounting	Management Accounting
1	End user	Mostly outsiders (Govt, Tax bodies, Investors etc)	In house Management
2	Legal obligation	Statutory	Non statutory
3	Coverage	Company as a whole	Segment wise
4	Type of Information	Monetary value	Monetary, Quantity & Quality
5	Format	Standard	Not specified or customised
6	Source	Internal	Internal & External
7	Principles/flexibility	GAAP (Generally Accepted Accounting Principles)	No specific ones
8	Analysis	Not much	Mostly analytical
9	Ends & Means	Ends in itself	Means to end
10	Nature	Objective / Measurable	Subjective / Interpretations / Personal opinions
11	Periodicity	At the end of Financial Year	No such period.  But information may  be required at any time
12	Audit	Subject to Independent Audit	Need not be audited

Differences between Exchequer control and Budgetary control

Differences between

Exchequer control	Budgetary control
1. Controls cash items	1. Controls Cash and Adjustments
2. Exercised by Accounts Office	2. Exercised by Accounts as well as Executives
3. Period is Month	3. Period is Throughout the year
4. Cash authorisation statement is the base	4. Budgetary Reviews are the tools

Habibgunj Railway Station - First one under PPP mode & IRSDC - Indian Railways Station Development Corporation ltd

 

Latest News:  

Indian Railways has ordered to dissolve the “Indian Railways Stations Development Corporation” on the basis of recommendation of Principal Economic Advisor of Finance Ministry, Sanjeev Sanyal. (2021 October)

Habibgunj Railway Station - First one under PPP mode

·         Habibganj Railway Station, Bhopal - First PPP Project (Railway Station) of Indian Railways.

·          IRSDC has completed redevelopment work of HABIBGANJ railway station 98% (civil works) 

·          Developer is M/s Bansal pathways Habibganj Pvt ltd

Salient features:

ü  First ever air concourse (above the track)

ü  Dome like structure at the entrance with sky lights

ü  Dedicated concourse area with airport like retail outlets, cafeterias

ü  Plush waiting lounge for passengers

ü  Gaming zones

ü  Green building with LED lighting

ü  Waste water treatment for reuse.

ü  Investing more than Rs.400 Crores  to develop a trade centre, a hospital, a convention centre, a budget hotel, a luxury hotel

ü  Lease period - 45 years

ü  17,245 Sq Meters Railway land

ü  Built up area of 13 lakh square feet

ü  Station operation for 8 years - Private developer

ü  Revenue collection and O & M - Operation & Maintenance by Developer

ü  S&T, stabling of trains, ticketing costs - borne by Developer

ü  IRSDC - gets fixed percentage of Station Revenue as its management fees.

ü   Multi modal transit hut - connects with BRTS - Bus Rapid Transit System and Bhopal Metro

ü  Station Development - Rs. 100 Crores

ü  Commercial development surrounding Railway Station - Rs. 400 Crores

ü  Complete segregation between arrival and departure

ü  6 Lifts, 11 escalators and 3 travelators (first time in Railway Stations)

ü  Travelator / Travolator -    A slow-moving conveyor mechanism that transports people across a horizontal or inclined plane over a short to medium distance like in Airports

 

ü  Dedicated pickup and drop off parking facilities for the Passengers

ü  Provision of parking for approximately 300 cars, 850 two-wheelers, Autos, Taxi & buses.

 

IRSDC - Indian Railways Station Development Corporation ltd

 

v  A SPV or a Joint Venture (JV) among RLDA (Rail Land Development Authority) ,  IRCON (Indian Railway Construction Company ltd) and RITES - (Rail India Technical & Economic Services ) in the ratio of 50:26:24 respectively.

v  Incorporated in April, 2012 (under Companies Act, 1956)

v  Authorised Share Capital - Rs. 200 Crores

v    Key focus on Station development only.

v  Assigned Seven stations so far Development.  They are 1) Anand Vihar (New Delhi) 2) Bijwasan (New Delhi) 3) Chandigarh 4) Habibganj (Bhopal) 5) Shivaji Nagar (Pune) 6) Surat 7) Mohali (Chandigarh)- so far by Railway Board

v  Another 400 AI and A category Stations are shortlisted for redevelopment.

• VISION:  To be a leading organization in the field of development, redevelopment, operation and maintenance of railway stations with passenger amenities of international standards.

v  To carry on any railway infrastructure work including development of railway stations on Build-Operate-Transfer (BOT), Build-Own-Operate-Transfer (BOOT), Build-Lease-Transfer (BLT), etc. or otherwise or any other scheme or project found suitable.

v  OBJECT:  Resolve congestion-access and egress(way out) is a challenge into station or platform or train by develop /re-develop the existing/new railway stations. 

v  Taking cue from the Development/Redevelopment of Airports on PPP basis.

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