RFID

 

RFID 

By Shri Pawan, ICF

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  • RFID stands for Radio-Frequency IDentification.

   

  • Used for tracking the Wagons

  
  

  • The target of fitting RFID to all the Wagons in Indian Railways by December 2022.

   

  • CRIS - Nodal Agency

   

  • Covered so far - 23000 Wagons out of 3.5 Lakh Wagons

  
  

  • Currently, Indian Railway is maintained such data manually, which leaves scope for errors.  Using RFID devices will be easier for the railways to know the exact position of all the wagons, locomotives, and coaches.

  
  

  • While the RFID tag will be fitted in the rolling stock, trackside readers will be installed at stations and key points along the tracks to read the tag from a distance of about two meters and transmit the wagon identity over a network to a central computer.

  
  

  • In this way, each moving wagon can be identified and its movement tracked.

  
  

  • With the introduction of RFID, the issue of shortage of wagons, locomotives, and coaches is expected to be addressed in a more transparent and expeditious manner. 

  
  

  • Tags should be able to retain data for a period of 20 years or more.

  
  

  MCQ or Key Takeaways

  
  

  1. RFID stands for Radio Frequency IDentification

  
  

  2. Target to fit RFID to all the Wagons in IR - December 2022

  
  

  3. Total Number of Wagons in IR - 3.5 Lakhs (approx)

  *****

HMR - Hyderabad Metro Rail

HMR - Hyderabad Metro Rail

 

 

•  Pride of Hyderabad city

 

• World’s largest Public-Private Partnership (PPP) project in the Metro Rail sector.

• An MRTS – Mass Rapid Transport Project

• An integrated urban transport development project with intermodal connectivity and convenient skywalks  - for seamless commuting across busy Hyderabad city.

• Gauge: Standard Gauge 1435 mm (whereas Broad gauge -1676 mm is used in Indian Railways) 

• Standard Gauge is also called a uniform gauge, UIC gauge, International gauge, etc.  60 % of the World Railway tracks are operated in Standard gauge only.

• Maximum capacity per 3 car train  - 965  (Each car – 40 seats)

• Brand Mantra of HMR – “My City, My Metro, My Pride”

 

Why Metro in Hyderabad city

 

•   The population stands at 1 Crore +.  Projected to touch 1.36 Crores by 2020

 

• Currently, 50 lakhs personalized vehicles ply on Roads with the addition of 5 lakh vehicles every year. 

 

• 80 Lakh motorized trips – every day.  Out of which 32 Lakh trips are made by Public transport system i.e., Local Trains & Buses.  The rest of the 48 Lakh trips are made by personal vehicles leading to bottlenecks, high pollution levels & steep increase in fuel consumption

 

  

 

 

DBFOT –Design, Build, Finance, Opeation & Transfer

 

• 35 years (5 years construction + 30 years Operation)

 

• Can be extended to another 25 years

 

• After 35 years, the entire structure incl: Track, Corridors, Station Buildings etc, Rolling stock, Malls, etc should be transferred to State Government i.e., Telangana. 

• Central Metro Act extended to Hyderabad city. 

 

Salient features

 

1. Three Corridors -68 KM 

 

2. Corridor 1 – Red Line   - From Miyapur to LB Nagar -29 KM

 

3. Corridor 2 – Green Line – From MGBS – Mahatma Gandhi Bus Stand to JBS – Jubilee Bus Stand – 11 KM

 

4. Corridor 3 – Blue Line – Nagole to Raidurg – 28 KM

 

5. Concessionaire (the holder of a concession or grant, especially for the use of land or commercial premises or for trading rights.) is LTMRHL – Larsen & Toubro Metro Rail Hyderabad Limited.  It is an SPV – Special Purpose Vehicle

 

6. Eco-friendly, fully automated, and best-in-class transportation, reduction of carbon footprints

 

7. RBT – Regenerative Braking Technology 

 

8. CBTC – Communication Based Train Control technology – virtually one train can speak to another train  

 

9.  Comfortable Air Conditioned coaches

 

10. HMRL – Hyderabad Metro Rail Limited, a Govt of Telangana enterprise 

 

11.  Every KM (approx) – One Station 

 

12. Automatic ticket vending machines - reducing waiting time in queues and counters.

13. Automatic fare collection system - hassle-free entry and exit from the stations.

 

 

 

Partners 

 

• Operations & Maintenance – Keolis  (Paris-based organization- World leaders in public transport business)

 

• Rolling Stock (Coaches)  - Hyundai Rotem of South Korea

• Communications – Thales, Portugal

• Signal & Train Control – Thales, Canada

• Ballast less Track – Tata Corus (France), Voest Alpine (Austria) & Vossloh (Germany)

• Automatic Fare Collection (AFC) – Samsung (South Korea)

• Elevators & Escalators – OTIS (USA)

 

Green Metro

 

• Reduce Carbon footprint by -10 thousand tons of CO2,  200 tonnes of volatile organic compounds & 12 tonnes of particulate matter are eliminated

 

• Efficient power consumption

 

• Rainwater harvesting – One lakh liters of water per day is recycled

 

• One ton of waste paper per year is recycled. This saves 23 trees per year. 

 

Financials:

 

• Total Estimated Cost – Rs. 14.132 Crores

• Actual Completed Cost - Rs. 18,411 Crores ( 17,207 Crores by L & T and 1,204 Crores by Government as part of VGF.

 

• Central Govt support through VGF – Viability Gap Fund – Rs. 1458 Crores. But given so far 1204 Crores

• Amount spent by State Govt. i.e., Telangana  - Rs. 3000 Crores

 

• 2020-21 FY loss - Rs.1,767 Crores  (Cumulative loss Rs. 3,279 Crores)

 

• Debt element as on date - By L&T  - 13,252 Crores  ( Interest rate 9.1 %) 

 

• Yearly Interest charges are borne by L & T - Approx 1200 Crores. 

• Revenue Model  - TOD – Transit Oriented Development

 

1. Passenger fares – 50 %

 

2. Retail Malls (as TOD) -40 %  (57 acres given by State Govt on lease basis)

 

3. Advertisements & stalls at Stations – 5%

 

 

Status of Metro trains – World over

• Approx 200 Metro Trains in Cities worldwide

• Out of that, only 4 are in profits (Tokyo, Taipei, Singapore & Hongkong) 

Prominent features of Rolling Stock

• 3 Cars Train set (can be extendable to 6 Cars Train set)

• Maximum Design Speed – 90 kmph

• Maximum Operating Speed – 80 kmph

• Average Speed – 33 kmph

• Dwell/Halt time at Station – 20 Seconds 

• Energy regeneration during electro-dynamic braking 

Timeline 

• Conceived in 2007 (HMR formed)

 

• Agreement with L&T – 2010

• First Corridor started – in 2017 (28th November)

• Last Corridor started – 2020 (7th February)

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• Key takeaways for MCQ ( General Knowledge)

• 1. PPP stands for Public Private Partnership 

  2. World’s Largest PPP project in Metro Rail sector  - Hyderabad Metro

  3. MRTS stands for Mass Rapid Transport System

  4. Standard gauge - 1435 MM - Also called Uniform Gauge or International Gauge

  As on 31.03.2017  - Indian Railway's position

  Gauge	Width	Route KM	Percentage
  Broad	1676 mm	61680	92 %
  Metre	1000 mm	3479	5 %
  Narrow	762 mm &  610 mm	2209	3 %
  	Total	67368	100 %

  
  

  5. DBFOT stands for Design, Build, Finance, Operation & Transfer

  6. CBTC stands for Communication Based Train Control technology – virtually one train can speak to another train  

  7. VGF stands for Viability Gap Fund 

  8. RBT – Regenerative Braking Technology

  9. AFC  stands for Automatic Fare Collection

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