Railway Accounts Department Examinations

Showing posts with label DAR. Show all posts
Showing posts with label DAR. Show all posts

Tuesday, September 1, 2026

Sealed Cover Procedure - Bilingual

 


Effect of Pending DAR/Vigilance Cases on Empanelment


1. Sealed-Cover Procedure

An employee should be called for the viva voce if he/she is:

Under suspension

Facing disciplinary proceedings under Standard Form-5 (SF-5) - Major Penalty Charge Sheet

Facing a pending criminal prosecution

RESULT TO BE KEPT IN SEALED COVER

The employee's final result should not be declared. It must be kept in a sealed cover and reviewed after finalisation of the case.


2. Minor-Penalty Cases

If minor-penalty proceedings are pending, or the employee is undergoing a minor penalty, the employee may be placed on the panel.

PROMOTION

Where the penalty debars promotion, the promotion will take effect only after completion of the currency of the penalty.

Exam Focus

QUICK REVISION

Suspension / SF-5 / Criminal Prosecution  →  Sealed Cover
Minor Penalty  →  Can be empanelled  →  Promotion after completion of penalty, where applicable



लंबित DAR/सतर्कता मामलों का पैनल पर प्रभाव

1. सीलबंद लिफाफा प्रक्रिया

निम्न स्थिति में कर्मचारी को मौखिक परीक्षा (Viva Voce) के लिए बुलाया जाना चाहिए:

कर्मचारी निलंबित हो

मानक प्रपत्र-5 (SF-5) - दीर्घ दंड आरोप-पत्र की कार्यवाही लंबित हो

आपराधिक अभियोजन लंबित हो

परिणाम सीलबंद लिफाफे में रखा जाएगा

कर्मचारी का अंतिम परिणाम घोषित नहीं किया जाएगा। परिणाम को सीलबंद लिफाफे (Sealed Cover) में रखा जाएगा और मामले के अंतिम निपटारे के बाद उसकी समीक्षा की जाएगी।

2. लघु दंड के मामले

यदि लघु दंड की कार्यवाही लंबित है अथवा कर्मचारी लघु दंड भुगत रहा है, तो उसे पैनल में रखा जा सकता है।

पदोन्नति

जहाँ दंड के कारण पदोन्नति पर रोक हो, वहाँ पदोन्नति दंड की अवधि समाप्त होने के बाद ही प्रभावी होगी।

परीक्षा बिंदु

त्वरित पुनरावृत्ति

निलंबन / SF-5 / आपराधिक अभियोजन  →  सीलबंद लिफाफा
लघु दंड  →  पैनल में रखा जा सकता है  →  जहाँ लागू हो, दंड की अवधि समाप्त होने के बाद पदोन्नति


Monday, April 6, 2026

DAR 1968 - Quasi - Judicial - Bilingual

 



DAR 1968

Definition of Quasi-Judicial

A quasi-judicial authority is an administrative body or officer that is not a court, but is required to act like a court while deciding cases—by examining facts, applying law, hearing both sides, and giving reasoned decisions.

In simple terms:

  • It is “half judicial” (quasi = partly)

  • Has court-like powers but limited jurisdiction

  • Must follow judicial approach and natural justice


DAR 1968 (Railway Servants Discipline & Appeal Rules, 1968)

The DAR is considered quasi-judicial in nature because disciplinary authorities, though administrative officers, are legally bound to act like judicial bodies.

Key Features Showing Quasi-Judicial Nature

  • Principles of Natural Justice

    • “Hear the other side” (audi alteram partem) is mandatory

    • No decision without giving opportunity to defend

    • Fairness is compulsory in proceedings

  • Formal Enquiry Procedure

    • Charge sheet → Inquiry → Evidence → Defence → Findings

    • Inquiry Officer acts similar to a judge

  • Evidence-Based Findings

    • Decisions must rely on documents, witnesses, and records

    • No arbitrary or biased conclusions

  • Speaking Orders (Reasoned Decisions)

    • Orders must contain clear reasons

    • Necessary for transparency and judicial review

  • Adjudication of Rights

    • Determines employee’s rights, duties, and liabilities

    • Similar to dispute resolution by courts

  • Right to Appeal & Revision

    • Multi-level system: Disciplinary → Appellate → Revisional Authority

    • Each authority re-examines legality and propriety

  • Limited but Binding Powers

    • Authority confined to service matters

    • Decisions have legal consequences (penalties, dismissal, etc.)

  • Subject to Judicial Review

    • Can be challenged before CAT (Central Administrative Tribunal) / Courts

    • Ensures accountability


Conclusion

DAR proceedings are administrative in form but judicial in function. They involve hearing, evidence evaluation, application of rules, and reasoned decisions, thereby making them quasi-judicial in nature.



### DAR 1966


#### अर्ध-न्यायिक (Quasi-Judicial) की परिभाषा


अर्ध-न्यायिक प्राधिकरण वह प्रशासनिक संस्था या अधिकारी होता है जो न्यायालय नहीं होता, लेकिन मामलों का निर्णय करते समय न्यायालय की तरह कार्य करता है—अर्थात तथ्यों की जांच, कानून का अनुप्रयोग, दोनों पक्षों को सुनना तथा कारणयुक्त निर्णय देना।


सरल शब्दों में:


* यह “आधा न्यायिक” (quasi = आंशिक) होता है

* इसमें न्यायालय जैसी शक्तियाँ होती हैं, पर सीमित अधिकार क्षेत्र के साथ

* इसे प्राकृतिक न्याय के सिद्धांतों का पालन करना अनिवार्य होता है

---


### DAR 1966 (रेलवे सेवक अनुशासन एवं अपील नियम, 1968)


DAR को अर्ध-न्यायिक प्रकृति का माना जाता है क्योंकि अनुशासनिक प्राधिकारी, प्रशासनिक अधिकारी होते हुए भी, न्यायालय जैसी प्रक्रिया अपनाने के लिए बाध्य होते हैं।


#### अर्ध-न्यायिक प्रकृति को दर्शाने वाली मुख्य विशेषताएँ


* प्राकृतिक न्याय के सिद्धांत


  * “दूसरे पक्ष को सुनना” (audi alteram partem) अनिवार्य

  * बिना अवसर दिए कोई निर्णय नहीं

  * कार्यवाही में निष्पक्षता आवश्यक


* औपचारिक जांच प्रक्रिया


  * आरोप पत्र → जांच → साक्ष्य → बचाव → निष्कर्ष

  * जांच अधिकारी न्यायाधीश की तरह कार्य करता है


* साक्ष्य आधारित निर्णय


  * निर्णय दस्तावेजों, गवाहों और अभिलेखों पर आधारित होना चाहिए

  * मनमाना या पक्षपातपूर्ण निर्णय स्वीकार्य नहीं


* कारणयुक्त आदेश (Speaking Orders)


  * प्रत्येक आदेश में स्पष्ट कारण होने चाहिए

  * पारदर्शिता और न्यायिक समीक्षा के लिए आवश्यक


* अधिकारों का निर्धारण


  * कर्मचारी के अधिकार, कर्तव्य एवं दायित्व तय किए जाते हैं

  * न्यायालय की तरह विवाद का निपटारा

* अपील एवं पुनरीक्षण का अधिकार

  * बहु-स्तरीय व्यवस्था: अनुशासनिक → अपीलीय → पुनरीक्षण प्राधिकारी

  * प्रत्येक स्तर पर वैधता और उपयुक्तता की जांच

* सीमित लेकिन बाध्यकारी शक्तियाँ


  * अधिकार केवल सेवा मामलों तक सीमित

  * निर्णय का कानूनी प्रभाव (दंड, बर्खास्तगी आदि)

* न्यायिक समीक्षा के अधीन


  * CAT (केंद्रीय प्रशासनिक अधिकरण) / न्यायालय में चुनौती दी जा सकती है

  * जवाबदेही सुनिश्चित होती है

---

### निष्कर्ष

DAR की कार्यवाही रूप में प्रशासनिक लेकिन कार्य में न्यायिक होती है। इसमें सुनवाई, साक्ष्य का मूल्यांकन, नियमों का अनुप्रयोग और कारणयुक्त निर्णय शामिल होते हैं, इसलिए इसे अर्ध-न्यायिक प्रकृति का माना जाता है।

---


Saturday, November 1, 2025

DAR effect on Promotions

DAR & Its effect on Promotions

 

SN

DAR Action

Remarks

1

Employee under Suspension

Shall be alerted for the selection and WE. SEALED COVER PROCEDURE, No results shall be declared

2

Employee undergoing penalty of withholding of annual increment or lower stage in time scale of pay

Shall be called for the selection, shall not be promoted during the penalty period/currency of the penalty

3

SF-5 proceedings pending against an employee

Shall be alerted for the selection and WE. No results shall be declared, sealed cover procedure.

4

SF-11 proceedings pending against an employee

Shall be alerted for the selection and WE, can be included in the panel and can be promoted to higher grade. The penalty imposed if, any can be implemented in higher grade.

5

When employee imposed with the penalty of reversion to lower grade

Shall not be considered for promotion.

 

Tuesday, December 10, 2024

Defense Counsel - D&AR Disciplinary & Appeal Rules 1968

 













Defense Counsel - D&AR Disciplinary & Appeal Rules 1968


Category 

No of Cases

Same Zonal Railway  / All Zonal Railways

Serving Employee

3

Same Zonal Railway

Retired Employee

7

Any Zonal Railway

Trade Union Official

Unlimited

Same Zonal Railway


Sunday, January 8, 2023

Railway Services Conduct Rules 1966

                            

  Railway Services (Conduct) Rules 1966


Click for Bare act of Railway Services Conduct Rules 1966 with explanations supported by Serial circulars 


  1. Every Railway employee should always maintain absolute integrity, show devotion to duty and do not do anything unbecoming of a Railway Servant.


  1. Uphold supremacy of the Constitution of India, democratic values, sovereignty of India, Integrity of India, security of India, Public Order, decency and morality.


  1. Maintain ethical standards, honesty, Political neutrality, merit, fairness, impartiality, accountability, transparency.


  1. Be responsive to the public (mainly weaker sections).


  1. Show courtesy and good behavior towards the public. 


  1. Take good decisions in the interest of the public.


  1. Use public resources effectively, efficiently and economically.


  1. Do not misuse official position for personal gains. 


  1. Do not act against Rules, Regulations & procedures.


  1. Maintain discipline.


  1. Maintain confidentiality in official matters.


  1. Show professionalism in working.


  1. Ensure integrity and devotion to duty by subordinates.


  1. Do not have financial and other obligations to any individual      or organization.


  1. Do not give or take oral instructions in official work except in an emergency situation. Take or give confirmation in writing     thereafter immediately.


  1. Do not indulge in sexual harassment.


  1. Do not bring influence for appointment of near relatives in      Railway Service.


  1. Do not take part in politics and elections.


  1. Do not do un-authorized demonstrations. 


  1. Do not have connections with the press and media.


  1. Do not criticize the Government and its policies.


  1. Do not refuse to give evidence before any inquiry,     Commission and any authority.


  1. Do not collect subscriptions from anybody.


  1. Do not take gifts except in family functions such as Wedding, Anniversary, funeral etc and give intimation to the Railway Administration if the value of the gift exceeds Rs 25,000/- in case of Group-A Officer, Rs 15,000/- in case of Group-B Officer and Rs 7,500/- in case of Group-C employee.


  1. On other occasions Rs 5000/- in case of Group- A & B Officers   

     and Rs 2000/- in case of Group- C employees.


  1. Do not give/ take / encourage dowry.


  1. Do not do private employment/Trade.


  1. Do not sublet Quarters allotted to you.


  1. Intimate Railway Administration within one month about           Acquiring or disposing of movable property if it’s value is          more than 3 months basic pay. 


  1. Give prior intimation to the Railway Administration about      Proposed acquisition/disposal of immovable property in      Prescribed form and give final intimation within one month      after acquiring or disposing of that property in prescribed form.


  1. Do not invest, lend or borrow money frequently. Give intimation to Rly Admin if the  investment exceeds- Rs 50,000/- in a year by Group-A & B Officers & Rs 25,000/- in a year by Group-C employees


  1. Give intimation to Railway Administration if total      Investments exceed Six months basic pay in a year. (Year means calendar year.)


  1. Do not enter into plural marriage or marriage with a person already having a spouse.


  1. Do not consume or be under the influence of  intoxicating     Drinks or drugs while on duty.


  1. Running Staff and staff connected with the train passing      Duties should not consume such drinks or drugs 8 hrs before      Commencing duty.


  1. Do not employ  children below 14 years as household      assistants.


NOTE: Violation of above Conduct Rules attracts Disciplinary action and imposition of penalty under Discipline & Appeal Rules. 


Key points for MCQ on Railway Services Conduct Rules, 1966

  1. With Effect from the year 1966 

  2.  Violation of the same attracts action under DA&R

  3. DA&R stands for Disciplinary & Appeal Rules

  4. Gifts & Limit


Officers/Staff

Limit (Rs)

Group

Family functions 

Other than Family functions 

A

25,000

5,000

B

15,000

2,000

C

7,500

2,000

 

  1. Movable Property -Acquisition or disposal- value is more than 3 months Basic Pay  - intimate within one month 

 

  1. Immovable Property - Prior Intimation for proposed acquisition or disposal 

 

  1. Immovable Property - Acquisition or Disposable  - Final intimation within one month.  

 

  1. Investments  - Group A & B Officers  - Rs. 50,000 in a calendar year- Intimation 


  1. Investments  - Group C staff  - Rs. 25,000 in a calendar year - Intimation 

 

  1. Investments exceeds 6 months Basic Pay in a Calendar year - Intimation 

 

  1. Running staff and staff connected with train operations - should  not consume liquor or drugs - 8 hours before commencement of Duty. 

 

  1. Do not employ the children below 14 years as household assistants

                                *****