Railway Accounts Department Examinations

Showing posts with label Traffic Account. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Traffic Account. Show all posts

Friday, September 8, 2023

Traffic Accounts - Worked Lines - 31st Chapter of Accounts Code Vol. 2

 

Traffic Accounts - Worked Lines - 31st Chapter of Accounts Code Vol. 2 

 

What is Worked Lines?   

 

Answer: The Worked Lines, that are 



·        Constructed at the cost of Branch Line companies, Private Companies, JV - Joint Venture companies, Local Bodies, State Governments etc (PPP- Public Private Partnership) 

 

·        Worked by the Main Line System i.e., Indian Railways 

 

  • Agreements (entered with the above bodies) -  Basis for Working as well as the apportionment of the revenue & expenditure of such Worked Lines. 

 

  • A copy of the said Agreement with main features should be maintained in the Accounts Office and updated for reference if required. The features are:   



·        The Gross revenue of each Worked Line 

·         Percentage or proportionate share or actuals to be recovered from each line as working expenses, 

·        The rebate to be allowed under certain conditions, 

·        Principles of apportionment, 

·        GST provisions etc, 

 

Apportionment between the Main Lines i.e., Indian Railways and the Worked Lines:

 

  • Coaching Revenue includes 



·        Fares and freight charges proper for carrying the various kinds of Coaching Traffic  and 

·        Other special charges such as Pilgrim tax, Poll tax or GST and Cartage charges, etc.  






  • The Taxes and terminal charges - if leviable and included in fares 



·        Creditable to the parties concerned 

·        Excluded from the fares before apportionment.   



  • Cartage charges: 



·        Not payable to the Worked Lines; 

·        Deducted from the Freight before apportionment.  



  •  Special Charges - Excluded:



·        Those that do not pertain to Worked Lines are levied for specified purposes unconnected with the Worked Lines and should be excluded from the fares & freight before apportionment. If specifically mentioned in the Railway Board guidelines or explicitly mentioned in the Agreement, the same is Included in the Fares & Freight.    



  • Undercharges - The Correct amount to be apportioned regardless of the amount collected. 



  • Overcharges - No credit to be afforded to Worked Lines. So it should be excluded before the apportionment.  



  • Penalty/Clerkage charges  - As is where is basis. That means Credited to the Main Line Station or Worked Lines Station as the recovery is done at Main Line Station or Worked Line Station respectively.  So no apportionment. 

 

Apportionment of Carried Over Traffic: 



  • If within the Zonal Railway  - Based on the Agreement 



  • In the absence of the above, either Matrix in CAS - Central Apportionment System or through FOIS - Freight Operations Information System as provided by the CRIS 

 

  • As per the guidelines of Para 868 of Finance Code Volume 1 and Para 2324 of Accounts Code Volume 2   




Items to be deducted before apportionment: 



  1. The Taxes and Terminal charges 
  2. The Cartage charges  
  3. Overcharges
  4. All Special charges (which do not pertain to Worked Lines) are levied for specified purposes unconnected with the Worked Lines.   

 

Other Traffic:



  • The following items which are creditable to the Worked Lines - should be picked up from the Station Balance Sheets of Worked Line Stations only 

 

Coaching Traffic:  

 

1.     Left Luggage, Wharfage & Demurrage  

2.     Platform Tickets 

3.     Excess in Booking 

4.     Telegraph Revenue 

5.     Special Debits taken by Station in the Coaching Balance Sheets, but not accounted in the returns submitted to the Accounts Office  

 

Goods Traffic: 

 

6.               Demurrage & Wharfage 

7.               Special Debits taken by Station in the Goods Balance Sheets, but not accounted for in the returns submitted to the Accounts Office  



  • Items debitable to the Worked lines, that is, items of credit taken by stations of the Entire System in their Coaching or Goods Balance sheets in respect of: 



1.     Overcharge sheets pertaining to Station's outstandings 

2.     Previous Debits withdrawn

3.     Reversal of Credits., and 

4.     Re-booking etc.,   

 

Payments to Worked Lines: 



  • Statement prepared every Month
  • Net Revenue = Gross Revenue minus share of working expenses
  • Rounding off to the nearest rupee
  • Passed on to the Books Section (of the Accounts Office) for arranging Payment to the Worked Lines  

 

Advance Payments: 



  • In some cases, Advance payments is allowed. 
  • A certain percentage of Advance payment of Revenue to the Worked Lines
  • Quarterly or Half Yearly 
  • Actual Revenue on that date plus Approximate Revenue for the rest of the period will be based for calculating the Advance payments. 
  • Necessary adjustment between Actual and approximate figures- Should be made at the time of the yearly final payments, when actual Revenue for the whole year are known.   

 

Test Check: 



  • Very difficult for automatic reconciliation to prove the accuracy of Worked Lines accounts.
  • The important one is compiling Worked lines accounts taking lakhs of transactions in each month
  • Hence, a Test check of Worked Lines Accounts is necessary. 
  • The Accounts prepared by the Staff should be subjected to a rigorous test check by the Supervising staff as well as by the staff compiling the Accounts

 

Note: The Word Revenue is used in place of Earnings.  

 

*****

 

Wednesday, June 14, 2023

AOB - Accounts Office Balance sheet

 


Accounts Office Balance Sheet (AOB)  



Purpose:


To watch the realization of credit notes or voucher facilities extended to Governments or Private parties in lieu of cash/cheque. 


  • Prepared in the Traffic Accounts Office (TAO) 

 

  •  To account for the  Carriage Bills(prepared in connection with Credit Notes etc. tendered at stations in lieu of cash into an account and 

 

  • watching their realization from the parties concerned as well as for incorporation into accounts.   

 

  • The traffic cash received otherwise than through station Balance Sheets (Eg: workshop profits, advertisements fees, sale of coupons to the Tourist agents, etc.). 

 

  •  Misc bills related to railway material carried for departmental works. RMC - Railway Material Consignment. 

 

  • Similar to the Bills Receivable Account in Commercial Bookkeeping 

 

  • Form No. A 2923    

 

  • Separately for Coaching traffic and Goods traffic

 

  • Debits - Vouchers received in the TAO - Traffic Accounts Office  

 

  • Credits - Realisation of the above vouchers (Either by Cheques from State Govts / PAO or Adjustment (Defence and Postal) 

 

  • Accounting heads operated are AG suspense/M Remittance 

 

  • Closing Balance: Represents the unrealized carriage bills and the value of vouchers yet to be billed.  

 

  • Closing Balance: Always Debit




Key points for MCQ: 


  1. AOB stands for Accounts Office Balance sheet 

  2. Prepared in TAO 

  3. TAO stands for Traffic Accounts Office 

  4. Form No. A 2923 

  5. Separately for Coaching traffic and Goods traffic 

  6. Purpose: To watch the realization of credit notes or voucher facilities extended to Governments or Private parties in lieu of cash/cheque. 

  7. Accounts head operated are - AG Suspense and M Remittance 

  8. Closing Balance: Unrealized carriage bills and the value of vouchers are yet to be billed 

  9. RMC stands for Railway Material Consignment 

  10. AOB - Similar to Bills Receivable Account in Commercial Accounts 

  11. Closing Balance: Always Debit Balance



&&&&&&&


Sunday, May 7, 2023

RGP - Rail Green Points

  

RGP - Rail Green Points 

 


Salient features of RGP 

 

  • RGP stands for Rail Green Points 


  • e-RD stands for Electronic Registration of Demand (in FOIS) 

 

  • FOIS stands for Freight Operations Information System 

 

  • RGP indicates saving of Carbon emission while Transportation by Rail instead of Road transportation. 

 

  • Applicable for Freight Customers registered on the e-RD portal of FOIS  

 

  •   RGP will be reckoned Financial year basis 

 

  • RGP reflected on the Freight user's account in the FBD portal in FOIS


  • FBD stands for Freight Business Development  

 

  • RGP module in FOIS portal - Developed by CRIS 

 

Disclaimer:  

 

  • No link between RGP and Carbon Credits 

 

  • What is Carbon Credit (CER - Certified Emission Reduction)?  

 

  • Carbon Credits / CER units  - Issued by UNFCCC measured in tonnes of CO2 equivalent.  

 

  • UNFCCC stands for United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. 


  • Anyone can purchase Carbon Credits to compensate for emissions to support their Projects.  


  • RGP - The Customer is not entitled to any claim or compensation or benefit at present or in the future.   


  • FGF - Feel Good Factor: Motivate the Freight Customers to transport more by the Rail instead of Road.  Corporate customers may like to mention RGP in their Annual Reports. 

TERI: 

  • TERI stands for The Energy & Resource Institute - one of the World’s pre-eminent think tanks and research institutes in the field of energy, climate change, and sustainability.  

 

  • Hqrs: New Delhi 

 

  • The basis for RGP calculation:    TERI developed a calculator for the estimation of GHG ( Green House Gas) emission in tonnes of CO2 for Road and Rail based on Tonne-KM.  


  • Emission factor per Tonne-KM - Rail mode 0.009 CO2 (Kgs)  and Road mode 0.040 CO2 (Kgs).  That means Rail transportation is 4 times more energy efficient compared to Road Transportation

 

Distribution of RGP for an RR (Rail Receipt) 


Type

RGP Distribution / Credited to

If Consignor and Consignee are the same

Consignor

If Consignor and Consignee are not the same

Equally distributed between Consignor & Consignee

If Consignor and Consignee are not the same and only one of them is registered in the FBD portal

Registered customer

In the case of Physical RR (Railway Receipt)

Consignor


 

Freight Business Development portal 


 

  • Launched on 5th January 2021 

 

  •  One stop - Single Window” Solution for all freight customers. 

 

  • Game changer

Salient features of FBD:

  1.    Dedicated Freight portal

2.   Online tracking facility for suppliers

3.   Ensure all operations stay customer-centric

4.   Simplify the process of Goods Transportation

5.   Embraced a “Freight on Priority”

6.    Attracting new customers with the help of BDUs – Business Development Units ( established at the Zonal and Division level)



Key points for MCQ  


  1. RGP - Applicable for Freight customers registered on the e-RD portal of FOIS 

  2. RGP - Recknoned Financial Year basis. 

  3.  No link between RGP and Carbon Credits 

  4. Carbon Credit means CER units (Certified Emission Reduction) 

  5. CER units issued by UNFCCC  

  6.  TERI Headquarters - New Delhi 

  7. RGP basis - Calculator for the estimation of GHG -Developed by TERI  

  8.  CO2 is a Chemical Compound consisting of 1 Carbon atom and 2 Oxygen atoms.  

  9. Abbreviations / Acronyms in connection with RGP are as follows: 


SN

Abbreviation / Acronym

Stands for 

1

RGP

Rail Green Points   

2

e-RD

Electronic Registration of Demand 

3

FOIS

Freight Operations Information System 

4

FBD

Freight Business Development (portal)  

5

BDU

Business Development Units (Zonal Railways & Divisions) 

6

CER

Certified Emission Reduction (Carbon Credits units)  

7

UNFCCC

United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change.  

8

FGF

Feel Good Factor 

9

TERI

The Energy & Resource Institute  

10

GHG

Green House Gas (emissions)

11

CO2

Carbon Dioxide  

12

E-TRR

Electronic Transmission of Railway Receipt 

13

RR

Railway Receipt